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Burkina Faso

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In addition to showing change to age structure over time, the Population pyramids can be used to show projected changes to age structure in the future. Looking at the population pyramids of Burkina Faso, not much change to age structure is anticipated until between 2030 and 2050.

The broad bases of the pyramids “Burkina Faso 1970”, “Burkina Faso 1990”, “Burkina Faso 2010”, represent a large number of children in relation to the working age population. The shape of these pyramids is also characteristic of a population with high mortality. Indeed, total fertility in Burkina Faso has remained high over the last four decades. Fertility actually slightly rose from 1970 when the average woman had 6.7 children over the course of her life to 6.9 children per woman in 1990. By 2010, total fertility rates dropped mildly to 6.1 children per woman and was 5.7 children per woman in 2015. “Burkina Faso 2030” is the United Nations projection of Burkina Faso population age structure if fertility declines at a moderate rate. This pyramid assumes that by 2030, fertility will decline to an average of 4.5 children per woman over the course of her lifetime, which will require significant commitment on the part of the government of Burkina Faso and civil society. In “Burkina Faso 2050,” projections show the base of the population pyramid narrowing, representing a lower fertility rate estimated at 3.3 children per woman and the age structure of the population beginning to change.

Working Towards a Demographic Dividend in Burkina Faso

If Burkina Faso makes substantial investments in reproductive health, family planning, and girls’ education, a fertility decline will likely occur, and children will be more likely to achieve better basic levels of health. With additional investments in health and education and economic initiatives to facilitate job creation, Burkina Faso may be able to experience the rapid economic growth known as a demographic dividend.         However, this will need substantial efforts and investment because the population of Burkina Faso between 0-14 years of age will remain close to half of the population for the next few decades.


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